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Electromagnetic interference shielding materials

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Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select Ultrathin and flexible MXene-contained electromagnetic interference shielding composite paper designed with a protective hydrogel film Jiasheng Wei, Lei Dai, Ping He, Meng Zhu, Feng Jiang, Zhaoxiang Zhou, Guiqiang Fei, Tingzhou Lei J. Mater. Sci. Technol.    2024, 169: 199-208.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2023.05.056 Abstract （113）      PDF       Knowledge map    MXene-contained paper is a good choice to design ultrathin and flexible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. However, the deficiencies in strength and stability of MXene-contained paper impede its practical applications. Herein, a composite paper was proposed to address the problems, in which a filter paper was modified with a three-layer structured surface via a facile layer-by-layer coating procedure. Specifically, the TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCN)/cationic starch (CS)/MXene gel layer and TOCN/MXene nacre structure layer ensured the good EMI shielding and mechanical performances of the composite paper, while the uppermost TOCN/CS hydrogel film layer mainly protected MXene. The composite paper achieved an EMI SE of 40.3 dB at a thickness of merely 0.1894 mm (SE/t value of ca. 212.8 dB mm-1, SSE/t values of ca.13216 dB cm2 g-1) and the total MXene dosage was 20 g m-2. Its tensile strength could be up to 11.7 MPa while the original filter paper was 6.4 MPa. Four pieces of this composite papers could be easily packed together to attain an EMI SE of nearly 70 dB. Importantly, the hydrogel film layer efficiently protected the MXene and maintained the EMI shielding performance of the composite paper when immersed in different liquids including water, HCl (1 M) and ethanol, due to the dense and compact structure of hydrogel film layer. This work provides a practical way to develop ultrathin, flexible and durable EMI shielding materials. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Cf/(CrZrHfNbTa)C-SiC high-entropy ceramic matrix composites for potential multi-functional applications Yang Hu, Dewei Ni, Bowen Chen, Feiyan Cai, Xuegang Zou, Fan Zhang, Yusheng Ding, Xiangyu Zhang, Shaoming Dong J. Mater. Sci. Technol.    2024, 182: 132-140.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2023.09.043 Abstract （38）      PDF       Knowledge map    In this work, Cf/(CrZrHfNbTa)C-SiC high-entropy ceramic matrix composites with good load-bearing, electromagnetic shielding and ablation resistance were designed and reported for the first time. The composites were fabricated by an efficient combined processing of slurry infiltration lamination (SIL) and precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP). Density and porosity of the as-fabricated composites are 2.72 g/cm3 and 12.44 vol.%, respectively, and the flexural strength is 185 ± 13 MPa. Due to the carbon fiber reinforcement with high conductivity and strong reflection, and high-entropy (CrZrHfNbTa)C ceramic matrix with strong absorbability, the total Electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency (SET) of the composites with a thickness of 3 mm are as high as 88.2 dB and 90 dB respectively in X-band and Ku-band. This means that higher than 99.999999 % electromagnetic shielding is achieved at 8-18 GHz, showing excellent electromagnetic shielding performance. The Cf/(CrZrHfNbTa)C-SiC composites also present excellent ablation resistance, with the linear and mass ablation rates of 0.9 µm/s and 1.82 mg/s after ablation at the heat flux of 5 MW/m2 for 300 s (～2450 °C). This work opens a new insight for the synergistic design of structural and functional integrated materials with load-bearing, electromagnetic shielding and ablation resistance, etc. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select PEDOT:PSS-patched magnetic graphene films with tunable dielectric genes for electromagnetic interference shielding and infrared stealth Jin-Cheng Shu, Yu-Ze Wang, Mao-Sheng Cao J. Mater. Sci. Technol.    2024, 186: 28-36.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2023.10.046 Abstract （162）      PDF       Knowledge map    The intelligent era brings electronics closer to humans, but also produces a large scale of electromagnetic (EM) radiation simultaneously, which causes serious harm to health and high sophisticated equipment. Exploring the underlying response logic of EM materials is urgently needed to face the challenge of EM interference (EMI) and secondary EM pollution better. Herein, PEDOT:PSS-patched magnetic graphene films are fabricated by vacuum-assisted molecular patching engineering, with tunable EM wave response. Based on the observation of micro-nano structure, the dielectric genes are visually revealed, which offers a bran-new horizon for the optimization of EM properties. Impressively, the constructed films achieve double band shielding toward gigahertz wave and infrared radiation. The optimal EMI shielding efficiency exceeds 99 %, and covers the entire X-band. Meanwhile, the green shielding index rises from 0.3 to 0.6, indicating that it is a potential green EMI shielding materials. Furthermore, the periodic macroscopic interfaces and the inherent thermal anisotropy endow the films with thermal insulation and flexible infrared stealth functions in simulated thermal environments. This work refreshes the insight into multi-band shielding, providing a new idea to EM energy governance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Recent progress in smart electromagnetic interference shielding materials Xin Hou, Xue-Rong Feng, Ke Jiang, Yu-Chen Zheng, Jiang-Tao Liu, Ming Wang J. Mater. Sci. Technol.    2024, 186: 256-271.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2024.01.008 Abstract （430）      PDF       Knowledge map    With the rapid advancement of the intelligent era, intelligent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding devices are receiving more and more attention due to their advantages in environmental self-adaption response. Accordingly, appropriate EMI shielding materials are crucial to blocking harmful electromagnetic radiation and passing serviceable electromagnetic waves. Smart EMI shielding materials that can dynamically adjust their EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) in response to specific application requirements and environmental changes are extremely advantageous in both military and civil areas. To date, materials with adjustable EMI SE for various responses have been developed. This review pays special attention to smart materials with tunable EMI SE. The design strategies, mechanism and recent progress of smart EMI shielding materials are discussed together with different stimuli responses, including compression strain, tensile strain, chemical reagent, shape memory, phase transition and crossover angle change-induced responses. The review ends up to discuss challenges and perspectives for smart EMI shielding materials. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Bionic-leaf vein inspired breathable anti-impact wearable electronics with health monitoring, electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal management Xinyi Wang, Yan Tao, Chunyu Zhao, Min Sang, Jianpeng Wu, Ken Cham-Fai Leung, Ziyang Fan, Xinglong Gong, Shouhu Xuan J. Mater. Sci. Technol.    2024, 188: 216-227.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2023.11.038 Abstract （59）      PDF       Knowledge map    Breathable and stretchable conductive materials are ideal for healthcare wearable electronic devices. However, the tradeoff between the sensitivity and detection range of electronic sensors and the challenge posed by simple-functional electronics limits their development. Here, inspired by the bionic-leaf vein conductive path, silver nanowires (AgNWs)-Ti3C2Tx (MXene) hybrid structure assembled on the nonwoven fabrics (NWF) is well sandwiched between porous polyborosiloxane elastomer (PBSE) to construct the multifunctional breathable wearable electronics with both high anti-impact performance and good sensing behavior. Benefiting from the high conductive AgNWs-MXene hybrid structure, the NWF/AgNWs-MXene/PBSE nanocomposite exhibits high sensitivity (GF = 1158.1), wide monitoring range (57 %), controllable thermal management properties, and excellent electromagnetic interference shielding effect (SET = 41.46 dB). Moreover, owing to the wonderful shear stiffening effect of PBSE, the NWF/AgNWs-MXene/PBSE possesses a high energy absorption performance. Combining with deep learning, this breathable electronic device can be further applied to wireless sensing gloves and multifunctional medical belts, which will drive the development of electronic skin, human-machine interaction, and personalized healthcare monitoring applications. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Gradient distribution of segregated conductive network in polyvinylidene fluoride nanocomposites to achieve outstanding electromagnetic interference shielding with low reflection Yingjian Guo, Yang Zhang, Hong Wu, Shaoyun Guo J. Mater. Sci. Technol.    2024, 190: 24-32.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2023.12.022 Abstract （52）      PDF       Knowledge map    Highly efficient electromagnetic shielding materials have become an increasing requirement for high-power electronic equipment. Nevertheless, there still remains a challenge in achieving excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance with low reflection. Herein, a gradient distribution of segregated conductive network consisting of edge-selectively carboxylated graphene (ECG) nanosheets and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (cMWCNTs) in poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanocomposites was first designed to achieve outstanding low reflective electromagnetic shielding performance. The sheets of PVDF nanocomposites with different contents of hybrid ECG-cMWCNTs were stacked and further hot-pressed to fabricate the layered PVDF nanocomposites. The overall EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) performance could be further improved by increasing the overall thickness and the layer number. With a fixed thickness of 2.0 mm, the PVDF@7.5wt%ECG1-cMWCNTs3 six-layered nanocomposites exhibit excellent EMI SE reaching 79.87 dB with an absorption effectiveness (SEA) of 79.62 dB. The excellent EMI SE performance was ascribed to the multiple interface reflection of the segregated conductive network. Meanwhile, the gradient distribution of ECG-cMWCNTs endows the nanocomposites with a strong absorption ability. This work provides a novel strategy for fabricating EMI shielding composites with low reflection for application in portable electronic devices. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Robust liquid metal reinforced cellulose nanofiber/MXene composite film with Janus structure for electromagnetic interference shielding and electro-/photothermal conversion applications Hui Zhao, Tong Gao, Jin Yun, Lixin Chen J. Mater. Sci. Technol.    2024, 191: 23-32.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2023.12.035 Abstract （48）      PDF       Knowledge map    MXene-based composite films are regarded as up-and-coming multifunctional electromagnetic interfer-ence (EMI) shielding materials. However, the conflict between strong mechanical properties and high electrical conductivity hinders their application in modern integrated electronics. Herein, in virtue of density-induced sedimentation, robust and multifunctional liquid metals-reinforced cellulose nanofibers (CNF)/MXene (LMs-CNF/MXene) composite films with Janus structure are fabricated by one-step vacuum-assisted filtration method. Not only does the nacre-like structure of the CNF/MXene layer not destroy, but the deposited liquid metals (LMs) layer can serve as conductive potentiation. Due to the special Janus structure, an “absorption-reflection-reabsorption”shielding process is created in LMs-CNF/MXene composite film to strengthen EMI shielding performance. Its shielding effectiveness can reach 51.9 dB at ～27 μm, and the reflection coefficient falls to 0.89, below those of reported MXene-based shielding films. Meanwhile, the CNF/MXene layer can endow composite films with excellent mechanical properties with a super tensile strength of 110.3 MPa. Notably, the LMs-CNF/MXene EMI shielding composite films also integrate outstanding photo-/electrothermal conversion performances, which can effectively deice out-doors. The robust LMs-CNF/MXene EMI shielding composite films with satisfying photo-/electrothermal performances have extensive application prospects, such as aerospace, wearable electronics, and portable electronics. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Compressible thermoplastic polyurethane/silver nanorod foams for absorption dominant electromagnetic interference shielding Zhaoyang Li, Yong Shen, Yang Zhou, Bing Zhou, Chuntai Liu, Yuezhan Feng J. Mater. Sci. Technol.    2024, 197: 9-16.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2024.01.072 Abstract （49）      PDF       Knowledge map    Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) have attracted significant interest in the field of flexible electromagnetic protection, but the challenge of balancing high electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) and low reflection losses still exists. Herein, thermoplastic polyurethane/silver nanorod (TPU/AgNR) composite foams have been successfully prepared using both the salt template and vacuum-assisted thermal compression methods. By varying the AgNRs content and employing a layer-by-layer bonding approach, a gradient structure with optimized impedance matching is achieved. The “absorb-reflect-reabsorb” EM attenuation mechanism of the asymmetric gradient EMI shielding in the internal structure is exploited, resulting in TPU/AgNR foam (TAF) with high EMI SE and significantly reduced EM reflection. Notably, the three-layer foams exhibit an average shielding efficacy of 35.5 dB and a reflected power coefficient (R) of 0.085 in the X-band, thereby substantially mitigating secondary EM wave reflections. Furthermore, these foams demonstrate exemplary compressive resilience, with the sample maintaining excellent EMI shielding stability even after undergoing 100 compression cycles at 50 % strain. Consequently, a straightforward approach is employed to fabricate materials with high EMI SE and low reflectivity, offering the potential for use in EM shielding applications of next-generation flexible electronic devices. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Skin-inspired self-healing polycaprolactone-based composite induced by photo/electro stimuli for highly absorbed and stable electromagnetic interference shielding Minghuan Hou, Jian Wang J. Mater. Sci. Technol.    2024, 197: 171-182.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2024.01.079 Abstract （32）      PDF       Knowledge map    The endeavor to attain prolonged stability and heightened electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) in polymer-matrix composites remains an arduous pursuit, particularly when subjected to external mechanical trauma or adverse environmental conditions. In this context, a self-healing and efficient EMI shielding polycaprolactone (PCL) composite with a unique electromagnetic gradient and interface-metalized segregated structure is assembled through layer-by-layer casting and a hot-pressing process. The combined effect of the induction of the electromagnetic gradient layer and the massive multiple interface reflection and scattering from the segregated-like structure results in an exceptional EMI SE of 57.0 dB and a low reflection (R) value of only 0.28. Additionally, the composite boasts impressive photothermal and electrothermal properties, allowing for self-healing under solar irradiation or electrical stimulation. Remarkably, this self-healing capability has been demonstrated through five cutting and healing cycles, exhibiting an impressive EMI SE retention rate of 88 %. Consequently, the composite with rapid photo/electro-driven self-healing properties will be able to maintain EMI shielding performance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Structure, properties and applications of multi-functional thermally conductive polymer composites Yali Dong, Huitao Yu, Yiyu Feng, Wei Feng J. Mater. Sci. Technol.    2024, 200: 141-161.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2024.02.070 Abstract （41）      PDF       Knowledge map    This study provides a concise overview of the latest developments in multifunctional thermally conductive polymer composites (TCPCs). Drawing from the current state of research, the study elucidates the mechanisms that underpin thermal conductivity in polymers and their composites. It further delineates the structure-property relationships of TCPCs, focusing on their modulus, resilience, and orientation. Concurrently, this work delves into the principles and structural design of TCPCs endowed with self-healing capabilities, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and electrical insulation characteristics. In particular, it outlines design strategies for imparting self-healing features to TCPCs and explores the interplay between thermal conductivity and self-healing efficacy. The principles of EMI shielding are clarified, along with the primary structural variants of TCPCs possessing EMI shielding attributes. Additionally, the paper addresses the insulative treatments applied to fillers within composites to enhance their electrical insulation. It concludes with a brief exposition of applications spanning electronic packaging, batteries, aerospace, LEDs, and flexible&stretchable electronics, to sensors. The aim of this review is to provide fresh insights for researchers intent on devising TCPCs with integrated self-healing, electromagnetic shielding, and electrical insulation functionalities, and to articulate strategies for optimizing the thermal conductivity coefficient (λ) alongside these attributes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics